Signal pages13research pages
Deterministic Form 4 patterns
Filing-only signals
Every badge is calculated from stored filing facts with documented thresholds. Signals describe filing characteristics; they do not predict returns or constitute financial advice.
Signal types15badge categories
Buying signals6conviction pages
Selling signals4size pages
How signals are computed
Every signal badge on a transaction row is the output of a deterministic rule against stored Form 4 facts. A cluster-buy match means a window of insider transactions at a single company hit a documented count of distinct reporting owners within a documented number of days; a large-sale match means a transaction's known value crossed a historical-median multiple using a documented prior sample. The same inputs produce the same badge — there is no scoring curve, no ranking model, and no sentiment layer.
Signals are grouped here by category. Buying signals highlight patterns associated with insider accumulation (cluster buys, repeat buyers, CEO and CFO purchases, 10% owner activity, large individual buys). Selling signals highlight patterns associated with insider distribution (cluster sells, repeat sellers, large sales, large holdings reductions). Filing-context signals describe how a transaction was reported (derivative, direct ownership, 10b5-1 plan). Each card links to a dedicated page with the exact thresholds and methodology.
Buying signals
6 pagesCluster BuyingMultiple reporting ownersCode-P purchases by at least two reporting-owner CIKs within the configured window and known-value threshold.Open Repeated Insider BuyingOne reporting ownerMultiple code-P purchases by the same reporting-owner CIK within the configured window and known-value threshold.Open CEO and CFO PurchasesReported executive rolesCode-P purchases associated with reporting owners identified as a CEO or CFO in stored Form 4 relationships.Open Large PurchasesAbsolute and historical sizeCode-P purchases that exceed the configured absolute value or historical-median comparison.Open Director PurchasesReported board roleCode-P purchases by reporting owners flagged as directors in the underlying Form 4 relationships.Open 10% Owner PurchasesBeneficial owner above 10%Code-P purchases by reporting owners who are 10% beneficial owners of the issuer.Open
Selling signals
4 pagesLarge SalesFiling size, not a forecastCode-S sales that exceed the configured absolute value or historical-median comparison.Open Cluster SellingMultiple reporting ownersCode-S sales by at least two reporting-owner CIKs within the configured window and known-value threshold.Open Repeated Insider SellingOne reporting ownerMultiple code-S sales by the same reporting-owner CIK within the configured window.Open Large Holdings ReductionShares transacted vs post-transactionSales where the share count is meaningful relative to the insider's reported post-transaction holdings.Open
Filing-context signals
3 pages10b5-1 Detected TransactionsStored filing textTransactions whose stored filing content produced a 10b5-1 language detection.Open Large Holdings IncreaseShares transacted vs post-transactionPurchases where the share count is meaningful relative to the insider's reported post-transaction holdings.Open Delayed or Amended FilingsNon-predictive filing contextTransactions with a calendar-day reporting delay above the configured threshold or an amendment flag.Open
Filing-only signals FAQ
What signals are and what they are notWhat is a 'signal' here?
A signal is a deterministic match against stored Form 4 facts. Each badge — cluster buy, repeat seller, 10b5-1 detected, large sale, CEO buy, and so on — is computed by a documented threshold: a window length, a value cutoff, a comparison sample, or a combination of those. Signals describe characteristics of the filing; they never predict returns or constitute financial advice.
How is a signal different from a recommendation or a buy/sell rating?
Recommendations and ratings are forward-looking opinions. Signals are backward-looking characterisations of a single filing or a deterministic aggregate of filings. A cluster-buy signal means multiple insiders reported similar transactions in the same window; it does not mean you should buy. Read the methodology on each signal page before drawing any conclusion, and always verify against the original SEC filing.
What thresholds does the product use?
Each signal page documents the exact thresholds it uses. Cluster windows are typically 14 days, repeat windows 30 days, large-sale thresholds are anchored to a percentile of historical insider transactions at that company, and 10b5-1 detection looks for plan-text language in the filing footnotes. The active parameters are visible at the top of each signal page and on the methodology section of the homepage.
Why are some signals labelled 'filing-context' instead of 'buying' or 'selling'?
A few badges describe how a transaction was reported rather than the transaction itself — for example, 'derivative transaction' or 'direct ownership'. Those are filed under the 'filing-context' category so they don't get confused with directional conviction signals like cluster-buy or large-sale.
How often is the signal list refreshed?
Signals are computed on the same schedule as the underlying Form 4 ingestion, so the list at any time reflects every processed filing up to the most recent refresh. Each signal card shows the count and the window it covers so you can tell at a glance whether the page is fresh.